Pine relict These isolated stands of white pine (Pinus strobus) and red pine (P. resinosa) or, less commonly, jack pine (P.banksiana), that occur on sandstone outcrops or in thin soils over sandstone in the Driftless Area of southwestern Wisconsin, have historically been referred to as relicts. The understories often contain species with northern affinities such as blueberries (Vaccinium spp.), huckleberry (Gaylussacia baccata), wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens), pipsissewa (Chimaphila umbellata), and partridge-berry (Mitchella repens), sometimes mixed with herbs typically found in southern Wisconsin’s oak forests and prairies.
